Mușat & Asociații este întotdeauna cu un pas înainte în ceea ce privește evoluția cadrului legislativ și a mediului de afaceri, anticipând nevoile clienților și acționând că un deschizător de drumuri în domeniu.

Practice areas

Mergers & Acquisitions/Privatisations
Banking & Finance
Capital Markets & Securities
Corporate & Commercial Law
Dispute Resolution
Criminal Law/White Collar Crime


Gheorghe Mușat is recognized as one of the most experienced Romanian lawyers, being considered one of the "founding fathers" of business law practice in Romania.

Apart from heading the management committee and overseeing the direction of the firm, Mr. Muşat is constantly involved in the practice. He has been active for over 43 years and counts numerous successfully settled court cases heard before the Supreme Court of Justice and international arbitral tribunals.

Mr. Muşat has a wealth of experience of foreign investors’ issues in Romania, and a profound understanding of the market, as well as of the legal and business trends. He is one of the ‘market builders’ of the business law practice in Romania, being involved as team leader in a variety of high-profile merger and acquisition transactions, as well as in many of the major privatization deals in Romania, acting either on the side of the Romanian Government or on the private buyers’ side, most of them multinational corporations or large local companies.

He gathered unparalleled experience in Mergers and Acquisitions/Privatisation, Banking, Corporate & Project Finance, and Dispute Resolution (international and domestic arbitration included). Mr. Muşat is a frequent lecturer on restructuring, privatisation and mergers and acquisitions matters, as well as on other issues regarding doing business and foreign investments in Romania.

  • Studies
  • Spoken languages
  • Qualifications & Career
  • Mandates
  • Affiliations
  • Awards
  • Appreciations
  • Legal practice experience: 43 years
  • Experience within Muşat & Asociaţii: 36 years
  • Senior Partner: 2022 – to date
  • Managing Partner: 1990 - 2021
  • Individual practitioner: 1983 - 1990
  • (1983) - Fully qualified lawyer, Bucharest Bar
(1973) – LL.B, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Law
  • English, CPE (A+)
  • French, DALF
  • Romanian

A major European shipyard group, in connection with the EUR 500 million transaction regarding the acquisition from a shipbuilding and marine engineering company of the Mangalia shipyard, and subsequent joint venture with the Romanian State in relation to the shipyard.

A leading European private equity company, in their acquisition of the biggest pharmaceutical group in Romania, with a transaction value in excess of EUR 300 million.

A leading international player active in the construction products manufacturing sector, in connection with the acquisition of all assets and companies of a major Romanian corporation in the construction sector. The acquisition, most probably the biggest M&A deal in Romania in the field of constructions, took place in the context of the merger between two global construction materials companies, with a total value of EUR 6.5 billion.

An international energy company, in connection with the EUR 820 million successful acquisition of the largest electricity distribution company in Romania, including undertaking an extensive legal due diligence process and the preparation of the position papers, binding offer, and final binding offer.

A global steel company, on the acquisition of the largest Romanian steel producers, further to a USD 500 million transaction.

Ministry of Economy, and a leading State-owned electricity company, in the company’s EUR 440 million IPO, its admission to trading on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, and the issue of GDRs. The transaction was deemed by the Romanian business media as the largest capital market transaction ever conducted in Romania.

A company owned by a strategic German investor, in connection with the acquisition of three Romanian companies – the largest railway wagon producers in Romania, with a total transaction value of approximately EUR 150 million.

An international company, in relation to the sale of the business of the first producer of veterinary immunological preparations in Romania to a leading Asian investor (with a transaction value in excess of EUR 100 million).

A leading Romanian bank, in connection with the EUR 100 million sale of the majority stake held in its insurance division to a French group.

An Italian company that produces metal and steel structures for construction, in connection with the EUR 120 million sale of the majority stake in a Romanian steel company to a leading European investor.

Ministry of Economy, in connection with the secondary public offering on the Bucharest Stock Exchange for the sale, by the Romanian State, of 15% of the shares held in the National Gas Transmission and Grid Operator, as well as the sale of 15% of the shares held in the National Electricity Transport and System Operator, with a total transaction value in excess of EUR 109 million (the largest capital markets transactions at the time).

Ministry of Economy, in connection with the public offering for the sale of 10% of the share capital in the national nuclear power producer on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, for a transaction in excess of EUR 70 million (the largest capital market transaction at the time).

One of the largest energy providers in Europe, as lead legal counsel, in highly complex ICC arbitration proceedings (seat of arbitration: Paris) involving multiple claims in excess of USD 1,200,000,000. The dispute raised challenging issues related to the corporate, commercial, taxation, environmental, and energy sectors.

A key player in the electricity supply industry, in connection with several administrative and fiscal litigations derived from the audit reports conducted by the Romanian Court of Auditors, as well as in the insolvency proceedings against a large chemical company whose total table of receivables exceeds EUR 750,000,000.

The Romanian Government, in a complex ICSID arbitration, with aggregate claims exceeding USD 350,000,000. The claim, successfully settled in favor of the Romanian State, was initiated by a US investor alleging Government’s failure to comply with the provisions of the Bilateral Investment Treaty between Romania and the U.S.A.

A large gas and refining business, in three major litigations in Romania, in the context of the repayment by the company of a historical debt to the Romanian State in total value of EUR 570,000,000. Further acting for the company in one of the highest-profile disputes, initiated against the National Securities Commission (CNVM), involving claims of USD 50,000,000 (the biggest damage ever claimed by a private investor from a public authority in Romania) and challenging several administrative deeds issued by CNVM.

A leading energy provider, in highly complex ICC arbitration proceedings (seat of arbitration: Paris) regarding the Put Option exercised by the Romanian State, acting through the State Participations Agency under a sale purchase agreement, involving claims in excess of EUR 520,000,000.

A former President of Romania (Mr. Klaus Iohannis), in relation to the annulment of the Report issued by the National Integrity Agency (ANI) accusing Mr. Iohannis of the violation of the legal provision regarding compatibility, as well as in relation to the annulment of the Report by which the National Integrity Agency (ANI) determined that Mr. Iohannis violated the laws regarding the avoidance of the conflict of interests. Both files were successfully managed by our legal team, and the courts of law determined on a final basis the inexistence of the conflict of interests, as well as of the incompatibility held by ANI.

A world leader in construction and maintenance of infrastructure, in three complex ICC arbitration cases (seat of arbitration: Geneva) arising from international construction contracts (infrastructure projects) with the aggregate amount in dispute exceeding USD 95,000,000.

  • Member of the Romanian Bar Association, 1983
  • Member of The Association of Former Political Prisoners of the Communism Regime, 1990
  • Ranked as Leading Lawyer, International Financial Review (IFLR), in 2015, 2018, 2019
  • Ranked as Highly recommended Lawyer in Mergers & Acquisitions/Privatisation, Chambers Europe, în 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
  • Expert Consultant, IFLR 1000, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025
  • Most Influential Leader (Romanian Legal Awards), 2022-2023
  • Eminent Practitioner in Mergers & Acquisitions/Privatisation, Chambers Europe, 2017
“Gheorghe Mușat is a great lawyer, one of the builders of the practice of business law in Romania, he is a real team leader, a strong personality and highly respected in the market.”
Legal 500, 2020
“Gheorghe Mușat is a leading figure in Romania’s legal market.”
Legal 500, 2019
Gheorghe Muşat “has a wealth of market knowledge and expertise in complex transactions.”
Legal 500, 2017
Gheorghe Mușat retains his reputation as a “strong figure, with tremendous experience of M&A deals acquired over decades of wide-ranging activity in the Romanian transactional market.”
Chambers Europe, 2015
“He has a lot of insight and is someone we can rely on 24/7 for great results.”
Chambers Global, 2014
“Gheorghe Mușat is a leading figure in the Romanian market, where he heads the firm’s M&A practice.”
IFLR 1000, 2013
“Managing Partner Gheorghe Mușat is a true leader with an impressive personality.”
Legal 500, 2013
“Gheorghe Mușat has over 30 years of experience and is praised by clients as an excellent lawyer and team leader.”
Chambers Global, 2011
“Gheorghe Mușat […] was described by a competitor as a legal powerhouse; a man who helped shape the Romanian legal market.”
IFLR 1000, 2010
“Gheorghe Mușat is well-established and recognized for his dedication to key clients in major M&A deals.”
Chambers Global, 2010
“Clients refer to senior partner Gheorghe Mușat as the Romanian master of M&A transactions.”
Legal 500, 2009
Clients note that “you would be hard pushed to find a lawyer who knows more about privatisation in Romania than Gheorghe Muşat.”
Legal 500, 2009
“Sources value his many years of experience, noting that he makes you feel completely confident that you’re in good hands.”
Chambers Europe, 2009
Gheorghe Mușat is highly regarded. “He’s a great lawyer; he’s built a solid practice. He’s taught us a lot,” said a rival lawyer.
IFLR 1000, 2008
“Gheorghe Muşat is described as more active than many lawyers of his age, and he has acted on a variety of outstanding deals in recent months.”
Chambers Europe, 2008